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Detectorists find beautifully decorated Viking brooches; changing the history of the Isle of Man
Categories: Nálezy nejenom s detektorem ve Velké Británii a Irsku
About 10 cm long, oval bronze brooches of convex shape with silver wire decoration and bird reliefs date from around 950 AD. They were worn in pairs exclusively by Viking women to fasten the straps of their dresses. Although the Isle of Man is famous for Viking finds, no brooches of this type have been found here until now.
In addition to the brooches, a belt buckle and a decorative bead were also discovered. The items were found in December 2018 by friends Craig Evans and John Crowe using metal detectors. On investigation in July the following year, they were declared treasure. "We knew immediately that our discovery would be exceptional," Craig Evans told the BBC. And his colleague added that it was very rewarding for the objects to be displayed and enjoyed by others.
Large and intricately decorated arched oval brooches were worn by Viking women in the pátimes to attach the long back straps of their dresses to the two short front straps. The pins fastened at the front of the shoulders and were sometimes connected by ornate strands of beads. Most of the brooches found (especially in connection with grave furnishings) were made of bronze; isolated cases of gold and silver brooches in extremely rich graves are known.
They were made using a technique derived from Late Roman carving, in which a complex design was carved into a mould of soft material - wax, lead, wood - and then cast in bronze. This technique was first used for Roman military belt buckles. This was how fibulae were made, which evolved into the large brooches with clasps used by Viking women.
Men also wore brooches to fasten clothing, usually cloaks, but those found in male graves are very different in style from those of women and always represent single pieces, not pairs. The oval concave paired brooches were exclusively used by Viking women. Until now, there are known examples of finds in Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway, Denmark) and also in Britain, Ireland, Russia and Iceland. This is the first pair of female Viking brooches found on the Isle of Man.
Experts see the finds as a "missing piece" of the island's Viking history. As these brooches used to be found mainly in graves, archaeologists carried out a subsequent targeted survey of the site, but this did not confirm a grave. Following their discovery in 2018, the brooches were sent to York Archaeological Trust where specialist conservation work was carried out. Earlier this year they were returned to the island.
"The Isle of Man has a rich Viking heritage and the Isle of Man National Collections confirm this. However, this type of brooch, which was worn by Scandinavian women and usually found in graves, was unknown (on the island) until now. In addition to the brooches, a decorated glass bead made in Ireland and a belt with bronze fittings, probably from the Irish Sea area, have also been discovered. Although this particular pagan was proud of her Scandinavian roots, she also wore local fashions." said museum curator Allison Fox, adding that the find filled a gap in the island's historical record.
The brooches, belt fittings and beads are now on display at the Manx Museum in Douglas.
Roman Nemec
Sources: bbc.com, thehistoryblog.com
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